Effect of Disease Pathologies on Transporter Expression and Function

J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Jul:56 Suppl 7:S205-21. doi: 10.1002/jcph.768.

Abstract

Transporters are important determinants of drug absorption, distribution, and excretion. The clinical relevance of drug transporters in drug disposition and toxicology depends on their localization in liver, kidney, and brain. There has been growing evidence regarding the importance of disease status on alterations in metabolizing enzymes and transporter proteins. This review focuses on uptake and efflux transporter proteins in liver, kidney, and brain and discusses mechanisms of altered transporter expression and function secondary to disease.

Keywords: brain; kidney disease; liver disease; transporters.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / drug effects
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Brain Diseases / drug therapy
  • Brain Diseases / genetics
  • Brain Diseases / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Hepatocytes / drug effects
  • Hepatocytes / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Kidney / drug effects
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Kidney Diseases / drug therapy
  • Kidney Diseases / genetics
  • Kidney Diseases / metabolism*
  • Liver Diseases / drug therapy
  • Liver Diseases / genetics
  • Liver Diseases / metabolism*
  • Membrane Transport Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Membrane Transport Proteins / genetics
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / administration & dosage
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / metabolism*

Substances

  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations