Localized pancreatic cancer with positive peritoneal cytology as a sole manifestation of metastatic disease: a single-institution experience

Am J Surg. 2017 Jan;213(1):94-99. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.04.008. Epub 2016 Jun 12.

Abstract

Background: Pancreatic cancer patients with positive peritoneal cytology (PPC) as a sole metastatic site are poorly characterized. Whether they behave similarly to other stage IV patients is unknown.

Methods: Patients with stage IV disease at our institution between 2003 and 2013 were identified. Inclusion criteria for PPC cohort were PPC at laparoscopy and no laparoscopic and/or radiographic evidence of metastasis. Patients with gross metastasis had laparoscopic and/or radiographic evidence of metastasis.

Results: Among 308 patients, 43 patients had PPC and 265 had gross metastasis. PPC cohort: 3 (7%) resectable, 8 (19%) borderline resectable, and 32 (74%) unresectable tumor. Disease progression occurred in 37 (86%). Sixteen of 43 (37%) also received local therapy (1 surgery and 15 chemoradiation). PPC vs gross metastasis cohort differed as follows: baseline Ca 19-9 (440 vs 1,904 IU/mL, P < .0001); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score ≤1 (98 vs 88%, P = .04); median overall survival (13.9 vs 9.4 months, P = .0001).

Conclusions: Patients with PPC failed to display long-term disease-free survival, although overall survival was superior compared with those with gross metastasis. Patients with PPC may need to be considered a specific subgroup for staging and survival analysis.

Keywords: Cancer staging; Chemoradiation; Disease progression; Laparoscopy; Peritoneal washing; Survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality*
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary*
  • Adenocarcinoma / therapy
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chemoradiotherapy
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Peritoneum / pathology*
  • Retrospective Studies