Combination gemcitabine/cisplatin therapy and ERCC1 expression for resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Results of a Phase II prospective trial

J Surg Oncol. 2016 Sep;114(3):336-41. doi: 10.1002/jso.24317. Epub 2016 Aug 8.

Abstract

Background: Standard adjuvant treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is gemcitabine [Gem(CONKO-001: Gem vs. placebo DFS:13.4 vs. 6.7 mo; P < 0.001; OS:22.8 vs. 20.2 mo; P = 0.01)]. Addition of cisplatin (Cis) to Gem has resulted in increased PFS for advanced and metastatic disease, which may be predicted by low expression of excision repair cross-complementing group-1 (ERCC1), the key enzyme in nucleotide excision repair. This Phase II prospective trial assesses outcomes of patients treated with adjuvant Gem/Cis, stratifying results by tumor ERCC1 expression.

Methods: Patients with resected PDAC were enrolled (2010-2013) and received Gem(1,000 mg/m(2) )/Cis(50 mg/m(2) ). Tumor ERCC1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and dichotomized into low or high expression. Primary outcomes were recurrence-free and overall survival (RFS/OS).

Results: Of 22 pts, 16(73%) were Stage IIB, 5(23%) Stage IIA, and 1(4%) Stage IA. Grade 3/4 toxicity occurred in 13 pts (59%); neutropenia was most common (n = 9;41%). Median follow-up was 37.5 months. Median RFS was 16.7 mo; OS was 35.5 mo. Low ERCC1 (n = 15;75%) compared to high ERCC1 (n = 5;25%) was not associated with improved RFS (12.4 vs. 16.7 mo; P = 0.68) or OS (Median not reached vs. 21.6 mo; P = 0.22).

Conclusions: Adjuvant Gem/Cis is feasible in patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma. RFS and OS for Gem/Cis appear promising compared to historic control. Tumor ERCC1 expression can be reliably evaluated, and low expression is present in most patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:336-341. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: ERCC1; adjuvant chemotherapy; pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; predictive markers; recurrence; survival.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / metabolism
  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / therapy*
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents / toxicity*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Cisplatin / therapeutic use*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Deoxycytidine / therapeutic use
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Endonucleases / metabolism*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Gemcitabine
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pancreatectomy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Deoxycytidine
  • ERCC1 protein, human
  • Endonucleases
  • Cisplatin
  • Gemcitabine