Ethambutol induces testicular damage and decreases the sperm functional competence in Swiss albino mice

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2016 Oct:47:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.08.012. Epub 2016 Aug 12.

Abstract

The present study reports the effect of ethambutol (EMB) on testicular function. Prepubertal and adult male Swiss albino mice were treated with 40, 80, 160mg/kg body weight of EMB, intraperitoneally, every alternate day for 4 weeks. After 2 weeks gap, mice were sacrificed to collect caudal spermatozoa. EMB treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the testicular weight, sperm count and motility while the percentage of sperm with head abnormalities, immature chromatin (P<0.001) and DNA damage increased (P<0.01). In addition, EMB treatment resulted in significant depletion of glutathione (P<0.05-P<0.01) and histopathological abnormalities such as large cells, vacuolation of tubules and isolated colonies of spermatogenic cells were observed. Oct4, 17β-Hsd and c-Kit mRNA was marginally elevated in EMB treated testes at the highest dose studied. In conclusion, the result of the present study indicates that EMB has adverse effect on testicular function and impairs the sperm functional competence.

Keywords: Ethambutol; GSH; Sperm DNA damage; Testicular toxicity; Testosterone.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Marrow / drug effects
  • Bone Marrow / pathology
  • Chromatin / drug effects
  • DNA Damage / drug effects
  • Ethambutol / adverse effects*
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mitochondrial Membranes / drug effects
  • Organ Size / drug effects
  • Sperm Motility / drug effects
  • Spermatozoa / drug effects*
  • Spermatozoa / pathology
  • Testis / drug effects*
  • Testis / pathology
  • Testis / physiology
  • Testosterone / metabolism

Substances

  • Chromatin
  • Testosterone
  • Ethambutol
  • Glutathione