The use of cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) to study Crizotinib resistance in ALK-expressing human cancers

Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 19:6:33710. doi: 10.1038/srep33710.

Abstract

Various forms of oncogenic ALK proteins have been identified in various types of human cancers. While Crizotinib, an ALK inhibitor, has been found to be therapeutically useful against a subset of ALK(+) tumours, clinical resistance to this drug has been well recognized and the mechanism of this phenomenon is incompletely understood. Using the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), we measured the Crizotinib-ALK binding in a panel of ALK(+) cell lines, and correlated the findings with the ALK structure and its interactions with specific binding proteins. The Crizotinib IC50 significantly correlated with Crizotinib-ALK binding. The suboptimal Crizotinib-ALK binding in Crizotinib-resistant cells is not due to the cell-specific environment, since transfection of NPM-ALK into these cells revealed substantial Crizotinib-NPM-ALK binding. Interestingly, we found that the resistant cells expressed higher protein level of β-catenin and siRNA knockdown restored Crizotinib-ALK binding (correlated with a significant lowering of IC50). Computational analysis of the crystal structures suggests that β-catenin exerts steric hindrance to the Crizotinib-ALK binding. In conclusion, the Crizotinib-ALK binding measurable by CETSA is useful in predicting Crizotinib sensitivity, and Crizotinib-ALK binding is in turn dictated by the structure of ALK and some of its binding partners.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Crizotinib
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
  • Gene Expression*
  • Humans
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Mutation
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Pyrazoles / chemistry
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology*
  • Pyridines / chemistry
  • Pyridines / pharmacology*
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / chemistry
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics*
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • beta Catenin / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyridines
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • beta Catenin
  • Crizotinib
  • ALK protein, human
  • Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Grants and funding