Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) assembles a macromolecular complex regulating growth and survival of prostate cancer cells "in vitro" and correlating with progression "in vivo"

Oncotarget. 2016 Nov 8;7(45):74189-74202. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.12404.

Abstract

The expression of Prostate Specific-Membrane Antigen (PSMA) increases in high-grade prostate carcinoma envisaging a role in growth and progression. We show here that clustering PSMA at LNCaP or PC3-PSMA cell membrane activates AKT and MAPK pathways thus promoting proliferation and survival. PSMA activity was dependent on the assembly of a macromolecular complex including filamin A, beta1 integrin, p130CAS, c-Src and EGFR. Within this complex beta1 integrin became activated thereby inducing a c-Src-dependent EGFR phosphorylation at Y1086 and Y1173 EGF-independent residues. Silencing or blocking experiments with drugs demonstrated that all the complex components were required for full PSMA-dependent promotion of cell growth and/or survival in 3D culture, but that p130CAS and EGFR exerted a major role. All PSMA complex components were found assembled in multiple samples of two high-grade prostate carcinomas and associated with EGFR phosphorylation at Y1086. The expression of p130CAS and pEGFRY1086 was thus analysed by tissue micro array in 16 castration-resistant prostate carcinomas selected from 309 carcinomas and stratified from GS 3+4 to GS 5+5. Patients with Gleason Score ≤5 resulted negative whereas those with GS≥5 expressed p130CAS and pEGFRY1086 in 75% and 60% of the cases, respectively.Collectively, our results demonstrate for the first time that PSMA recruits a functionally active complex which is present in high-grade patients. In addition, two components of this complex, p130CAS and the novel pEGFRY1086, correlate with progression in castration-resistant patients and could be therefore useful in therapeutic or surveillance strategies of these patients.

Keywords: BCAR1; PSMA; castration-resistant prostate adenocarcinoma; p130CAS; phospho-EGFR receptor.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Growth Processes / physiology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Disease Progression
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Kallikreins / metabolism*
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System
  • Male
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / metabolism*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / metabolism*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / pathology
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • bcl-Associated Death Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • BAD protein, human
  • bcl-Associated Death Protein
  • MTOR protein, human
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • Oncogene Protein v-akt
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • KLK3 protein, human
  • Kallikreins
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen