A support vector machine model provides an accurate transcript-level-based diagnostic for major depressive disorder

Transl Psychiatry. 2016 Oct 25;6(10):e931. doi: 10.1038/tp.2016.198.

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a critical cause of morbidity and disability with an economic cost of hundreds of billions of dollars each year, necessitating more effective treatment strategies and novel approaches to translational research. A notable barrier in addressing this public health threat involves reliable identification of the disorder, as many affected individuals remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. An objective blood-based diagnostic test using transcript levels of a panel of markers would provide an invaluable tool for MDD as the infrastructure-including equipment, trained personnel, billing, and governmental approval-for similar tests is well established in clinics worldwide. Here we present a supervised classification model utilizing support vector machines (SVMs) for the analysis of transcriptomic data readily obtained from a peripheral blood specimen. The model was trained on data from subjects with MDD (n=32) and age- and gender-matched controls (n=32). This SVM model provides a cross-validated sensitivity and specificity of 90.6% for the diagnosis of MDD using a panel of 10 transcripts. We applied a logistic equation on the SVM model and quantified a likelihood of depression score. This score gives the probability of a MDD diagnosis and allows the tuning of specificity and sensitivity for individual patients to bring personalized medicine closer in psychiatry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / diagnosis*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / genetics*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / psychology
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Genetic Markers / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Likelihood Functions
  • Male
  • Models, Psychological*
  • Precision Medicine
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Probability
  • Support Vector Machine*

Substances

  • Genetic Markers