The genus Elasmopus is the most diverse in the Family Maeridae. Five new species and new records of Elasmopus from the Brazilian coast are herein described. The specimens were collected in intertidal and subtidal zones along the Northeastern Brazilian coast between 2010 and 2014. The distribution of Elasmopus longipropodus along the coast is extended. Eighteen species of Elasmopus are known from Brazil, not including these five new species. An identification key to the species of Elasmopus is provided.