Characteristics of the first cases of microcephaly possibly related to Zika virus reported in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil

Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2016 Oct-Dec;25(4):691-700. doi: 10.5123/S1679-49742016000400003. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract

Objective: to describe the first cases of microcephaly possibly related to Zika virus in live born babies reported in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil.

Methods: this was a descriptive case series study (cases reported between August 1st and October 31st 2015), using medical record data and data from a questionnaire answered by the mothers of the babies.

Results: 40 microcephaly cases were confirmed, distributed in eight municipalities within the Metropolitan Region, with Recife itself having the highest concentration of cases (n=12); median head circumference was 29 cm, median chest girth was 31 cm and median weight was 2,628 grams; 21/25 cases had brain calcification, ventriculomegaly or lissencephaly; 27 of the 40 mothers reported rash during pregnancy, 20 in the first trimester and 7 in the second trimester, as well as itching, headache, myalgia and absence of fever.

Conclusion: the majority of the cases bore the characteristics of congenital infection; the clinical condition of the majority of mothers suggested Zika virus infection during pregnancy.

MeSH terms

  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Microcephaly / epidemiology*
  • Microcephaly / virology
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / epidemiology
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / virology
  • Sex Distribution
  • Zika Virus Infection / complications
  • Zika Virus Infection / epidemiology*
  • Zika Virus*