Endogenous spinal cord stem cells in multiple sclerosis and its animal model

J Neuroimmunol. 2019 Jun 15:331:4-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.11.006. Epub 2016 Nov 15.

Abstract

The adult mammalian spinal cord (SC) harbors neural stem cells (NSCs). The SC-NSCs are mostly quiescent during physiological conditions but are quickly activated in traumatic injury models. The SC-NSCs generate mostly glia, but are able to differentiate into neurons when affected by favourable conditions. An example is the inflammatory milieu in the SC of rat EAE, where the SC-NSCs migrate into demyelinated lesions and give rise to both glia and neurons. In MS, cells with progenitor phenotypes accumulate in inflammatory lesions both in brain and SC, but the extent to which these cells contribute to repair remains to be revealed.

Keywords: Differentiation; EAE; Inflammation; Neural stem cells; Proliferation; Spinal cord.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Adult Stem Cells / transplantation
  • Animals
  • Brain / cytology
  • Brain / immunology
  • Brain / pathology
  • Encephalomyelitis / immunology
  • Encephalomyelitis / pathology
  • Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / therapy*
  • Ependyma / cytology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Multiple Sclerosis / therapy*
  • Neural Stem Cells / transplantation*
  • Neurogenesis
  • Neuroglia / cytology
  • Neurons / cytology
  • Organ Specificity
  • Primates
  • Rats
  • Spinal Cord / cytology*
  • Spinal Cord / immunology
  • Spinal Cord / pathology
  • Stem Cell Niche
  • Transcriptome