Early Treatment for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Palliative Approach

Am J Perinatol. 2017 May;34(6):576-584. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1596054. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

Abstract

Objective To describe medical, safety, and health care utilization outcomes associated with an early treatment model for neonatal opioid withdrawal. Study Design This is a retrospective review of 117 opioid-exposed infants born in a large regional hospital and treated in the level I nursery with methadone initiated within 48 hours of birth. Results For this cohort, mean length of stay was 8.3 days. Hospital safety events were infrequent; there were no medication errors or deaths. Within 30 days of discharge, 14% of infants visited the emergency department; 7% were readmitted. Per birth, mean hospital charges were $10,946.96; mean costs were $5,908.93. Conclusion This study is the first to describe an early treatment model in a low-acuity nursery to prevent severe neonatal opioid withdrawal. The described model may be safe, effective, low-cost, and feasible for replication.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics, Opioid / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Length of Stay / economics*
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Methadone / administration & dosage*
  • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Opiate Substitution Treatment / methods
  • Pregnancy
  • Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / drug therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • South Carolina
  • Urine / chemistry

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Methadone