Impact of multiple arterial grafts in off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Feb;153(2):300-309.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.10.084. Epub 2016 Nov 16.

Abstract

Objectives: There is growing concern that off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) is associated with reduced long-term survival compared with traditional on-pump coronary artery bypass (ONCAB); however, most of available comparisons between OPCAB and ONCAB focus on single-artery (SA) revascularization. We sought to investigate the impact of using multiple arterial (MA) conduits in the comparison between OPCAB versus ONCAB by performing a single-center, long-term propensity score base analysis.

Methods: The study population included 5195 SA-ONCAB, 1208 MA-ONCAB, 4412 SA-OPCAB, and 1818 MA-OPCAB procedures. Late survival was available for all cases (100%). Inverse propensity score weighting and a time-segmented Cox model were used for multiple treatments comparison.

Results: No significant differences were found between the 4 groups in terms of 30-day mortality, postoperative cerebrovascular accident, and renal replacement therapy. After a mean follow-up time of 8.2 ± 4.7 years, in the propensity score-weighted sample, survival probabilities at 10 years were 74.5 ± 0.4, 79.7 ± 0.4, 73.4 ± 0.5, and 79.0 ± 0.5 in the SA-ONCAB, MA-ONCAB, SA-OPCAB, and MA-OPCAB groups respectively. Propensity-weighted analysis confirmed that MA-OPCAB (hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.98) and MA-ONCAB (hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.99) were associated with a lower late mortality compared with standard SA-ONCAB.

Conclusions: OPCAB with multiple arterial grafts is as safe as the conventional ONCAB and achieves excellent long term survival rates which are superior to those observed after standard SA-ONCAB and comparable with MA-ONCAB.

Keywords: multiple arterial grafting; off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting; propensity score; survival.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / methods*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / methods
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnosis
  • Coronary Artery Disease / surgery*
  • Coronary Vessels / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Vessels / physiopathology
  • Coronary Vessels / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Propensity Score*
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology
  • Vascular Patency