Tumor-associated autoantibodies against Fascin as a novel diagnostic biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background and objective: Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been found in many kinds of cancers, and might serve as biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis. The present study was carried out to test if there is any relation between autoantibodies against Fascin and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: One hundred and forty-nine patients with ESCC and 98 control subjects were recruited in the study. The levels of circulating autoantibodies against Fascin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to calculate diagnostic accuracy.

Result: The levels of autoantibodies against Fascin in patients with ESCC were significantly higher than in control subjects (P<0.001). Measurement of autoantibodies against Fascin provided an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.636, [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.568-0.704] 24.8% sensitivity (95% CI: 18.3%-37.2%) and 99.0% specificity (95% CI: 93.6%-99.9%). Moreover, serum level of autoantibodies against Fascin in early-stage ESCC was significantly higher than that of normal controls (P<0.05). The positive rates of autoantibodies against Fascin were correlated with age (P<0.05), but not with gender, tumor size, tumor site, histological grade, T stage, N stage or TNM stage (P>0.05).

Conclusions: Our results suggest that Fascin autoantibody may be a potential biomarker for the early detection of ESCC.