Ribosome profiling reveals an adaptation strategy of reduced bacterium to acute stress

Biochimie. 2017 Jan:132:66-74. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.10.015. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Abstract

Bacteria of class Mollicutes (mycoplasmas) feature significant genome reduction which makes them good model organisms for systems biology studies. Previously we demonstrated, that drastic transcriptional response of mycoplasmas to stress results in a very limited response on the level of protein. In this study we used heat stress model of M. gallisepticum and ribosome profiling to elucidate the process of genetic information transfer under stress. We found that under heat stress ribosomes demonstrate selectivity towards mRNA binding. We identified that heat stress response may be divided into two groups on the basis of absolute transcript abundance and fold-change in the translatome. One represents a noise-like response and another is likely an adaptive one. The latter include ClpB chaperone, cell division cluster, homologs of immunoblocking proteins and short ORFs with unknown function. We found that previously identified read-through of terminators contributes to the upregulation of transcripts in the translatome as well. In addition we identified that ribosomes of M. gallisepticum undergo reorganization under the heat stress. The most notable event is decrease of the amount of associated HU protein. In conclusion, only changes of few adaptive transcripts significantly impact translatome, while widespread noise-like transcription plays insignificant role in translation during stress.

Keywords: Mollicutes; Mycoplasma; Proteome; Ribosome profiling; Stress.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Physiological / genetics*
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Base Sequence
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Gene Expression Profiling / methods
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
  • Heat-Shock Response / genetics*
  • Hot Temperature
  • Mycoplasma gallisepticum / genetics*
  • Mycoplasma gallisepticum / metabolism
  • Protein Biosynthesis / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Ribosomes / genetics*
  • Ribosomes / metabolism
  • Stress, Physiological
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger