Gastric bleeding risk following spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy with excision of the splenic vessels: a long-term follow-up

HPB (Oxford). 2017 Apr;19(4):345-351. doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2016.12.003. Epub 2017 Jan 12.

Abstract

Background: Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with resection of the splenic vessels (VR-SPDP) is an effective procedure. However, hemodynamic changes in splenogastric circulation may lead to the development of gastric varices (GV) with a risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. This retrospective study aimed to assess the long-term postoperative clinical follow-up of patients and review the late postoperative abdominal computed tomography (CT) or endoscopic examination.

Methods: From 1988 to 2015, 48 consecutive VR-SPDP for benign or low-grade malignant disease were included. Late postoperative follow-up was undertaken with the use of a prospective database and assessment undertaken by CT and/or endoscopy.

Results: The median follow-up was 76 months (range: 12-334 months). Two patients were lost to follow-up. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in one patient. Endoscopy and abdominal CT showed submucosal GV in five patients. Ten patients had perigastric varices (27%), but none developed clinical complications from their varices. All varices occurred within one year after distal pancreatectomy and remained stable during follow-up.

Discussion: Asymptomatic varices frequently occurred in patients who underwent VR-SPDP, but bleeding risk seemed low. Abdominal CT could identify GV and distinguish submucosal varices with a higher risk of gastric bleeding.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Databases, Factual
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / diagnosis
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / etiology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology*
  • Gastroscopy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Sparing Treatments / adverse effects*
  • Pancreatectomy / adverse effects*
  • Pancreatectomy / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Splenic Artery / surgery*
  • Splenic Vein / surgery*
  • Stomach Diseases / diagnosis
  • Stomach Diseases / etiology*
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult