Dynamic evolution of hepatitis C virus resistance-associated substitutions in the absence of antiviral treatment

Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 31:7:41719. doi: 10.1038/srep41719.

Abstract

Resistance against new hepatitis C virus (HCV) antivirals is an area of increasing interest. Resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) have been identified in treatment-naïve individuals, but pressures driving treatment-independent RAS emergence are poorly understood. We analysed the longitudinal evolution of RASs in twelve participants with early acute HCV infections. Full-genome deep sequences were analysed for changes in RAS frequency within NS3, NS5A and NS5B-coding regions over the course of the infection. Emergence of RASs relevant only to the polymerase non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNI) was detected, and these lay within CD8+ T-cell epitopes. Conversely, the loss of NNI RASs over time appeared likely to be driven by viral fitness constraints. These results highlight the importance of monitoring CD8+ T cell epitope-associated RASs in populations with dominant HLA types.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Substitution
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
  • Drug Resistance, Viral*
  • Evolution, Molecular*
  • Genome, Viral
  • Genotype
  • Hepacivirus / drug effects*
  • Hepacivirus / genetics*
  • Hepatitis C / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis C / virology*
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Mutation
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics
  • Whole Genome Sequencing

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins