Patch-Based Super-Resolution of MR Spectroscopic Images: Application to Multiple Sclerosis

Front Neurosci. 2017 Jan 31:11:13. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00013. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Purpose: Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) provides complementary information to conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Acquiring high resolution MRSI is time consuming and requires complex reconstruction techniques. Methods: In this paper, a patch-based super-resolution method is presented to increase the spatial resolution of metabolite maps computed from MRSI. The proposed method uses high resolution anatomical MR images (T1-weighted and Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) to regularize the super-resolution process. The accuracy of the method is validated against conventional interpolation techniques using a phantom, as well as simulated and in vivo acquired human brain images of multiple sclerosis subjects. Results: The method preserves tissue contrast and structural information, and matches well with the trend of acquired high resolution MRSI. Conclusions: These results suggest that the method has potential for clinically relevant neuroimaging applications.

Keywords: magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging; multiple sclerosis; patch-based; super-resolution; up-sampling.