Assessment of right ventricular function in acute pulmonary embolism

Am Heart J. 2017 Mar:185:123-129. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.12.009. Epub 2016 Dec 29.

Abstract

The optimal approach to assess right ventricular (RV) function in patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE) lacks clarity.

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the optimal approach to assess RV function in normotensive patients with acute symptomatic PE. Outcomes assessed through 30-days after the diagnosis of PE included all-cause mortality and complicated course.

Results: Eight hundred forty-eight patients were enrolled. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and transthoracic echocardiography agreed on the presence or absence of RV overload in 449 (53%) patients. The combination of the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) and MDCT showed a negative predictive value for 30-day all-cause mortality of 100%. Of the 43% that had an sPESI of >0 points and MDCT RV enlargement, 41 (11.3%) experienced a complicated course that included 24 (6.6%) deaths. One hundred twenty-nine patients (15%) had an sPESI of >0 points, MDCT, and echocardiographic RV overload. Of these, 21 (16.3%) experienced a complicated course within the first 30days, and 10 (7.7%) of them died.

Conclusions: Incorporation of echocardiographic RV overload to the sPESI and MDCT did not improve identification of low-risk PE patients, whereas it improved identification of those at intermediate-high risk for short-term complications.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cause of Death
  • Comorbidity
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality*
  • Multidetector Computed Tomography
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / epidemiology
  • Pulmonary Embolism / complications
  • Pulmonary Embolism / epidemiology
  • Pulmonary Embolism / physiopathology*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / complications
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / diagnostic imaging*
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / epidemiology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Function, Right