Current Concepts of Cardiac Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Clinical Management, and the Need for Collaboration

Abstract

Cardiac amyloidosis is a complex and vexing clinical condition that requires a high degree of suspicion for the diagnosis with a substantial amount of discipline to discern the extent of disease and the best available therapy. There is a complex interplay between multiple organ systems, and the clinical presentation may involve a myriad of confusing clinical symptoms. The diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis can be confirmed with a combination of physical findings, cardiac biomarkers, noninvasive testing, and, if necessary, myocardial biopsy. Genetic testing is critical to establish the type of amyloidosis.

Keywords: Cardiac amyloidosis; Cardiotoxicity; Immunomodulatory drugs; Multiple myeloma; Proteasome inhibitors; TTR.