Background: Streptococcus pyogenes can colonize genitourinary tract, but it is a rare cause of salpingitis.
Case report: We report a case of bilateral salpingitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes in a 34-year-old woman using an intra-uterine device and which occurred following a family history of recurrent S. pyogenes infections. We review 12 other cases reported in the literature, and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of this potentially life-threatening disease.
Conclusion: It is important to take into account consider Streptococcus pyogenes as a cause of acute salpingitis in the context of recent intra-familial Streptococcus pyogenes infections.
Keywords: Carriage; Group A Streptococcus; Pelvic inflammatory disease; Salpingitis; Streptococcus pyogenes.