Visual Morbidity and Ocular Complications in Presumed Intraocular Tuberculosis: An Analysis of 354 Cases from a Non-Endemic Population

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(6):865-869. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1296580. Epub 2017 Mar 20.

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the visual morbidity associated with intraocular tuberculosis (TB) and to report ocular complications of intraocular TB.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with intraocular TB at a tertiary referral eye care hospital in central London. Data on baseline and final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) along with ocular complications were collected and analyzed.

Results: In total, 354 patients with intraocular TB were included in this study. Mean age was 48.45 years (range 19-94) and follow-up was 22.56 ± 7.44 (range 6-30) months post cessation of therapy. Blindness as defined by the World Health Organization was reported in 11 (3.11%) patients at baseline and 13 (3.67%) patients at follow-up. The most common ocular complications were cystoid macular edema (n = 107, 30.5%) and glaucoma (n = 99, 28.12%).

Conclusion: Intraocular TB can be associated with significant ocular morbidity. Early recognition, treatment, and regular follow-up of this complex disease may help to reduce visual morbidity and ocular complications.

Keywords: Clinical features; intraocular tuberculosis; posterior uveitis; tuberculosis; visual morbidity.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glaucoma / epidemiology*
  • Glaucoma / etiology
  • Humans
  • London / epidemiology
  • Macular Edema / diagnosis
  • Macular Edema / epidemiology*
  • Macular Edema / etiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Morbidity / trends
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Tuberculosis, Ocular / complications*
  • Tuberculosis, Ocular / epidemiology
  • Vision, Low / diagnosis
  • Vision, Low / epidemiology*
  • Vision, Low / etiology
  • Visual Acuity*
  • Young Adult