Case report: fast reversal of severe osteoporosis after correction of excessive levothyroxine treatment and long-term follow-up

Osteoporos Int. 2017 Jul;28(7):2247-2250. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-3981-8. Epub 2017 Mar 21.

Abstract

This case report describes a 38-year-old woman, who presented with bilateral femoral stress fractures and osteoporosis after years of excessive levothyroxine treatment. Her bone health was restored rapidly and long-lasting with the reduction of levothyroxine dosage. No bone-active treatment was warranted.

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a known risk factor for osteoporosis and fractures. Recent studies on patients with serum thyrotropin-suppressive therapy have not, however, indicated adverse effects on bone during long-term follow-up.

Methods: This case report describes long-term follow-up data of a clinically euthyreoid patient, who developed symptomatic osteoporosis due to excessive levothyroxine treatment.

Results: After correction of levothyroxine dosage, her bone mineral density (BMD) and previously elevated serum osteocalcin levels normalized rapidly and she remained free from fractures during 23 years of follow-up over menopause.

Conclusion: Excessive TSH suppression contributed to the secondary osteoporosis in this patient; BMD normalized after dose reduction of levothyroxine and no fractures occurred during 23 years' follow-up. Some patients develop severe osteoporosis if they are over-substituted with levothyroxine, and decent follow-up of patients with levothyroxine supplementation is mandatory.

Keywords: Bone mineral density; Fracture; Levothyroxine; Secondary osteoporosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bone Density / drug effects
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Femoral Fractures / chemically induced
  • Femoral Fractures / physiopathology
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy / adverse effects
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy / methods
  • Humans
  • Osteoporosis / chemically induced*
  • Osteoporosis / physiopathology
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / chemically induced*
  • Osteoporotic Fractures / physiopathology
  • Thyroxine / administration & dosage
  • Thyroxine / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Thyroxine