FEN1 promotes tumor progression and confers cisplatin resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer

Mol Oncol. 2017 Jun;11(6):640-654. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.12058. Epub 2017 May 12.

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. The therapeutic effect of chemotherapy is limited due to the resistance of cancer cells, which remains a challenge in cancer therapeutics. In this work, we found that flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is overexpressed in lung cancer cells. FEN1 is a major component of the base excision repair pathway for DNA repair systems and plays important roles in maintaining genomic stability through DNA replication and repair. We showed that FEN1 is critical for the rapid proliferation of lung cancer cells. Suppression of FEN1 resulted in decreased DNA replication and accumulation of DNA damage, which subsequently induced apoptosis. Manipulating the amount of FEN1 altered the response of lung cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. A small-molecule inhibitor (C20) was used to target FEN1 and this enhanced the therapeutic effect of cisplatin. The FEN1 inhibitor significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced DNA damage in lung cancer cells. In mouse models, the FEN1 inhibitor sensitized lung cancer cells to a DNA damage-inducing agent and efficiently suppressed cancer progression in combination with cisplatin treatment. Our study suggests that targeting FEN1 may be a novel and efficient strategy for a tumor-targeting therapy for lung cancer.

Keywords: cisplatin resistance; flap endonuclease 1; lung cancer; targeted therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Apoptosis
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / enzymology*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology*
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cisplatin / pharmacology
  • Cisplatin / therapeutic use*
  • DNA Damage
  • DNA Repair
  • DNA Replication
  • Disease Progression
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
  • Flap Endonucleases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Flap Endonucleases / genetics
  • Flap Endonucleases / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Flap Endonucleases
  • FEN1 protein, human
  • Cisplatin