Sexual Orientation Differences in Health and Wellbeing Among Women Living with HIV in Canada: Findings from a National Cohort Study

AIDS Behav. 2018 Jun;22(6):1987-2001. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1781-y.

Abstract

Sexual orientation differences in health and wellbeing among women living with HIV (WLH) are underexplored. Limited research available, however, suggests that sexual minority WLH may experience barriers to HIV care. Cross-sectional baseline data was analyzed from a Canadian cohort study with WLH (sexual minority women [SMW]: n = 180; heterosexual women: n = 1240). SMW (median age 38 years, IQR 13) included bisexual (58.9%), lesbian (17.8%) and other sexualities (23.3%). In multivariable analyses adjusting for age, poverty, education, and ethnicity, SMW identity was associated with increased odds of: clinical (80% vs. 100% antiretroviral adherence), intrapersonal (previous/current injection drug use [IDU] vs. no IDU history, depression, lower resilience), interpersonal (childhood abuse, sex work, adulthood abuse), and structural (HIV support services barriers, unstable housing, racial discrimination, gender discrimination) factors in comparison with heterosexual identity. Sexual minority WLH experience social and health disparities relative to heterosexual WLH, highlighting the need for interventions to promote health equity.

Keywords: Bisexual; HIV; Health status disparities; Lesbian; Women.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Bisexuality / psychology*
  • Canada / epidemiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Ethnicity
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology
  • HIV Infections / psychology*
  • Health Services Accessibility*
  • Healthcare Disparities
  • Heterosexuality / psychology*
  • Homosexuality, Female / psychology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medication Adherence
  • Middle Aged
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities / psychology
  • Substance Abuse, Intravenous / epidemiology

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents