Predicting postnatal renal function of prenatally detected posterior urethral valves using fetal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient determination

Prenat Diagn. 2017 Jul;37(7):666-672. doi: 10.1002/pd.5063. Epub 2017 May 26.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of fetal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) determination to predict postnatal renal function (nadir creatinine at 1 year and eGFR) of men with posterior urethral valves (PUV).

Methods: Between 2003 and 2014, 11 MRI were performed on fetuses (between 28 and 32 weeks) in whom second trimester sonography suggested severe bilateral urinary tract anomalies, suspected of PUV.

Results: The ADC of the 11 fetuses ranged from 1.3 to 2.86 mm2 s-1 (median = 1.79 mm2 s-1 , normal range for fetal kidney: 1.1-1.8). Two pregnancies with ADC > 2.6 mm2 s-1 were interrupted; the autopsy confirmed PUV and Potter syndrome. For the remaining nine babies, the follow-up was 5.4 years (0.8-10). Four children with abnormal ADC (1.8-2.3) had chronic kidney disease. The remaining five cases with normal nadir creatinine and eGFR had normal ADC. One case with unilateral elevated ADC had a poor ipsilateral renal function on dimercaptosuccinic acid scan.

Conclusion: Here, it seems that diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with ADC determination could be useful in accurately evaluating fetal kidneys in PUV and predicting renal function. It may be an additional, non-invasive method when biologic and sonographic findings are inconclusive, especially in the case of oligohydramnios. Further studies are needed to confirm our data. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

MeSH terms

  • Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Pregnancy
  • Ultrasonography, Prenatal
  • Urethra / abnormalities*
  • Urethra / diagnostic imaging
  • Urogenital Abnormalities / diagnostic imaging*