Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Clin Lab Med. 2017 Jun;37(2):303-315. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Mar 11.

Abstract

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have emerged as a major threat. Commonly used antibiotics are generally inactive against CRE. Therefore, timely detection of CRE is of paramount importance. Among CRE, those producing carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamase enzymes (carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae) are particularly of concern because they tend to spread, and treatment is difficult. The carbapenemase groups most commonly encountered include KPC, NDM, and OXA-48. Treatment options are limited and include combinations of polymyxins, tigecycline, aminoglycosides, or carbapenems; newer agents with activity against CRE and better safety profiles are becoming available and will likely emerge as the preferred therapy.

Keywords: Carbapenemase; KPC; Rapid diagnosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Carbapenems / therapeutic use*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / enzymology
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • beta-Lactam Resistance*
  • beta-Lactamases / biosynthesis

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Carbapenems
  • beta-Lactamases