A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of WEB-treated aneurysms: Can CFD predict WEB "compression" during follow-up?

J Neuroradiol. 2017 Jul;44(4):262-268. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2017.03.005. Epub 2017 May 3.

Abstract

Background: Recent reports have revealed a worsening of aneurysm occlusion between WEB treatment baseline and angiographic follow-up due to "compression" of the device.

Objective: We utilized computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in order to determine whether the underlying mechanism of this worsening is flow related.

Methods: We included data from all consecutive patients treated in our institution with a WEB for unruptured aneurysms located either at the middle cerebral artery or basilar tip. The CFD study was performed using pre-operative 3D rotational angiography. From digital subtraction follow-up angiographies patients were dichotomized into two groups: one with WEB "compression" and one without. We performed statistical analyses to determine a potential correlation between WEB compression and CFD inflow ratio.

Results: Between July 2012 and June 2015, a total of 22 unruptured middle cerebral artery or basilar tip aneurysms were treated with a WEB device in our department. Three patients were excluded from the analysis and the mean follow-up period was 17months. Eleven WEBs presented "compression" during follow-up. Interestingly, device "compression" was statistically correlated to the CFD inflow ratio (P=0.018), although not to aneurysm volume, aspect ratio or neck size.

Conclusion: The mechanisms underlying the worsening of aneurysm occlusion in WEB-treated patients due to device compression are most likely complex as well as multifactorial. However, it is apparent from our pilot study that a high arterial inflow is, at least, partially involved. Further theoretical and animal research studies are needed to increase our understanding of this phenomenon.

Keywords: Aneurysms; Computational fluid dynamics; Interventional neuroradiology; Recurrence; WEB device.

MeSH terms

  • Angiography, Digital Subtraction
  • Basilar Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Cerebral Angiography
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation / physiology*
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / instrumentation*
  • Endovascular Procedures / instrumentation*
  • Female
  • Hemodynamics / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / diagnostic imaging
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / physiopathology*
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Middle Cerebral Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Retrospective Studies