Evolution of care indicators after an early discharge intervention in preterm infants

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the evolution of health outcomes in preterm infants included in an early discharge programme.

Method: Controlled, non-randomised trial with an intervention group and a control group children admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves of Granada were included in the study. The intervention group comprised preterm infants admitted to the neonatal unit clinically stable, whose family home was located within 20km. from the hospital. They were discharged two weeks before the established time and a skilled nurse in neonatal care monitored them at home. The control group comprised infants who could not be included in home monitoring due to the distance to the hospital criterion or because their families did not give their consent and who received the usual care until their discharge. The study variables were the outcome indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification.

Results: Differences were found in the Nursing Outcomes Classification scores in the intervention group compared to the control group.

Conclusions: The early discharge of preterm infants followed up at home by an expert nurse in neonatal care is a health service that achieves results in preparating parents for the care of their child, enabling them to learn about the health services, adapt to their new life, and establishbreastfeeding times. It constitutes safe intervention for children and is beneficial to parents.

Keywords: Alta precoz prematuros; Early discharge of preterm infants; Enfermera neonatal; Evaluación resultados cuidados; Evaluation of care outcomes; Neonatal Nurse.