Rab8a Deficiency in Skeletal Muscle Causes Hyperlipidemia and Hepatosteatosis by Impairing Muscle Lipid Uptake and Storage

Diabetes. 2017 Sep;66(9):2387-2399. doi: 10.2337/db17-0077. Epub 2017 Jul 10.

Abstract

Skeletal muscle absorbs long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) that are either oxidized in mitochondria or temporarily stored as triglycerides in lipid droplets (LDs). So far, it is still not fully understood how lipid uptake and storage are regulated in muscle and whether these are important for whole-body lipid homeostasis. Here we show that the small GTPase Rab8a regulates lipid uptake and storage in skeletal muscle. Muscle-specific Rab8a deletion caused hyperlipidemia and exacerbated hepatosteatosis induced by a high-fat diet. Mechanistically, Rab8a deficiency decreased LCFA entry into skeletal muscle and inhibited LD fusion in muscle cells. Consequently, blood lipid levels were elevated and stimulated hepatic mammalian target of rapamycin, which enhanced hepatosteatosis by upregulating hepatic lipogenesis and cholesterol biosynthesis. Our results demonstrate the significance of lipid uptake and storage in muscle in regulating whole-body lipid homeostasis, and they shed light on the roles of skeletal muscle in the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia and hepatosteatosis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cholesterol / biosynthesis
  • Fatty Liver / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
  • Hyperlipidemias / blood
  • Hyperlipidemias / metabolism*
  • Lipid Metabolism / genetics
  • Lipid Metabolism / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5 / genetics
  • Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5 / metabolism
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Phosphatidate Phosphatase / genetics
  • Phosphatidate Phosphatase / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Myf5 protein, mouse
  • Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Rab8a protein, mouse
  • Cholesterol
  • mTOR protein, mouse
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Lpin1 protein, mouse
  • Phosphatidate Phosphatase
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins