Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: A Spanish Guideline. Immunotherapy Egg and Milk Spanish Guide (ITEMS Guide). Part I: Cow Milk and Egg Oral Immunotherapy: Introduction, Methodology, Rationale, Current State, Indications, Contraindications, and Oral Immunotherapy Build-up Phase

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2017;27(4):225-237. doi: 10.18176/jiaci.0177.

Abstract

Background and objective: Cow milk and egg are the most frequent causes of food allergy in the first years of life. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been investigated as an alternative to avoidance diets. No clinical practice guidelines on the management of OIT with milk and egg are currently available. Objectives: To develop clinical guidelines for OIT based on available scientific evidence and the opinions of experts.

Methods: A review was made of studies published between 1984 and June 2016, doctoral theses published in Spain, summaries of communications at scientific meetings (SEAIC, SEICAP, EAACI, and AAAAI), and the consensus of opinion established by a group of experts from the scientific societies SEICAP and SEAIC.

Results: Recommendations were established regarding the indications, requirements and practical aspects of the different phases of OIT, as well as special protocols for patients at high risk of adverse reactions.

Conclusions: Clinical practice guidelines based on the consensus reached between Spanish experts are presented for the management of OIT with milk and egg.

Keywords: Desensitization; Egg allergy; Guide; Milk allergy; Omalizumab; Oral immunotherapy; Specific oral tolerance induction; Sublingual immunotherapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Allergens / therapeutic use*
  • Desensitization, Immunologic / methods*
  • Egg Hypersensitivity / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Milk Hypersensitivity / therapy*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Spain

Substances

  • Allergens