Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on the Metabolic Profile and on the Expression of Renin-Angiotensin System in Adipose Tissue of Obese Rats

Abstract

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been used as a multipurpose surgical procedure for the treatment of obesity.

Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effects of SG on the metabolic and inflammatory profile and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) expression in the white adipose tissue of male rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were treated with a standard diet or high-fat diet and submitted to SG or sham surgery. The glycemic and lipid profiles and gene expression of inflammatory markers and RAS components in adipose tissue were evaluated.

Results: SG led to weight loss, decreased adiposity (p < 0.01) and a reduction in plasma glucose (p < 0.05), C-peptide (p < 0.05), insulin (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p < 0.05) levels. In addition, SG led to a decrease in the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (p < 0.01), interleukin- 6 (IL-6) (p < 0.001), angiotensinogen (AGT) (p < 0.001) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (p < 0.05) and increased the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (p < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. No statistically significant differences were observed for AT1 (p = 0.10) and Mas (p = 0.22) receptors.

Conclusion: This study showed that SG leads to weight loss and improves metabolic parameters. Changes in the expression of RAS components and of inflammatory molecules in adipose tissue seem to play a role the before beneficial effects of the SG.

Keywords: Obesity; bariatric surgery; inflammation; metabolism; renin-angiotensin system; sleeve gastrectomy..