Objective: To study the seasonal characteristics of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in China. Methods: This was a retrospective study which involved patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in 29 hospitals throughout mainland China during 2013-2014. The number of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in each hospital was calculated, as well as the ratio of asthmatic patients to all the hospitalized patients. The analysis by month was conducted. The number and ratio of asthmatic patients in the northern and southern cities were calculated respectively. Results: During the study period, there were 6 480 patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation, accounting for 3.14% (6 480/206 135) of all the hospitalized patients of the respiratory department in 29 hospitals. The analysis by month showed that the ratio of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation was highest in March (3.49%), then declined from April to June, then rose again from July, reaching a second peak at September (3.28%), and then declined again from October to December. The ratio of asthmatic patients in every month was higher in northern cities than in southern cities. Conclusions: The ratio of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in China fluctuates with the changes of seasons, and March and September are the two peak months. Northern cities have a higher ratio of asthmatic patients than southern cities.
目的： 调查我国中心城市支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)急性发作住院患者的季节性分布特征。 方法： 回顾性调查全国29个省、自治区、直辖市的29家三级甲等医院2013年1月—2014年12月间呼吸内科总住院例数及因哮喘急性发作住院例数，计算同期因哮喘急性发作住院例数占总住院例数的比例，分析哮喘急性发作患者逐月变化的季节性分布特征，并分别分析了南方及北方城市哮喘急性发作患者例数占住院总例数的比例。 结果： 在研究的时间范围内，共有6 480例患者因哮喘急性发作入院，占同期呼吸内科总住院例数的3.14%(6 480/206 135)。因哮喘急性发作住院例数占同期住院总例数比例的按月份分析显示，3月份比例最高(3.49%)，4至6月份逐渐下降，从7月份开始逐月上升，9月份达到第2个高峰(3.28%)，随后又逐月下降。北方城市各月因哮喘急性发作患者所占比例均高于南方城市。 结论： 我国中心城市因哮喘急性发作住院患者例数占呼吸内科同期总住院例数比例有一定的季节波动性，3及9月份为两个高峰；北方城市因哮喘急性发作住院患者比例高于南方城市。.
Keywords: Asthma; Disease attributes; Hospitalization; Seasons.