Cardiac tissue regeneration: A preliminary study on carbon-based nanotubes gelatin scaffold

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2018 Nov;106(8):2750-2762. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.34056. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

Abstract

The aim of this study was set-up and test of gelatin and carbon nanotubes scaffolds. Gelatin-based (5%) genipin cross-linked (0.2%) scaffolds embedding single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.3% w/w) were prepared and mechanically/electrically characterized. For biological evaluation, H9c2 cell line was cultured for 10 days. Cytotoxicity, cell growth and differentiation, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR analysis were performed. Myoblast and cardiac differentiation were obtained by serum reduction to 1% (C1% ) and stimulation with 50 nM all trans-retinoic acid (CRA ), respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed elongated myotubes in C1% while round and multinucleated cells in CRA with also a significantly increased expression of natriuretic peptides (NP) and ET-1 receptors in parallel with a decreased ET-1. On scaffolds, cell viability was similar for Gel-SWCNT0.3%/0.9% ; NP and ET systems expression decreased in both concentrations with respect to control and CX-43, mainly due to a lacking of complete differentiation in cardiac phenotype during that time. Although further analyses on novel biomaterials are necessary, these results represent a useful starting point to develop new biomaterial-based scaffolds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2750-2762, 2018.

Keywords: endothelin system; natriuretic peptides; scaffolds; single-walled carbon nanotubes; tissue engineering; trans-retinoic acid.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Cell Line
  • Gelatin / chemistry*
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Heart / physiology*
  • Materials Testing
  • Muscle Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Myoblasts, Cardiac / cytology
  • Myoblasts, Cardiac / metabolism*
  • Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry*
  • Rats
  • Regeneration*
  • Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry*

Substances

  • Muscle Proteins
  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Gelatin