Background: There are variable recommendations regarding initiating monotherapy or dual therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). Clear initial strategies are of particular importance in underserved settings where access to care and financial burdens are significant barriers.
Objectives: To provide descriptive data of metabolic outcomes to therapy regimens for low-income individuals with newly diagnosed T2D placed on oral hypoglycemic agents (OAs).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of low-income individuals with newly diagnosed T2D initiated on OAs. We provided descriptive data and then evaluated the effects of OA regimens (ie, mono-, dual-, transition [from mono to dual or vice versa] therapy) on hemoglobin A1c (A1c) (baseline to 12 months).
Results: A total of 309 patients were included in the study. At 12 months, the mean decrease in A1c for the entire sample was -2.36% (9.37% to 7.01%). Patients prescribed dual therapy had a greater change of A1c compared to those taking monotherapy with metformin (-1.11%, P < .01). Patients who transitioned therapies did not differ in change of A1c compared to monotherapy.
Conclusion: Initiation of dual therapy was superior to metformin monotherapy or transitioning therapies and may be preferred for low-income individuals with newly diagnosed T2D.
Keywords: chronic disease; community health centers; diabetes; low-income settings; medications; newly diagnosed; oral hypoglycemic agent; underserved.