Keywords: American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association; European Society of Cardiology; aortic root abscess; aortic root allograft; aortomitral curtain; bicuspid aortic valve; cardiopulmonary bypass; fistula; heart failure; infective endocarditis; mitral valve; multidisciplinary team; pneumonia; right ventricular outflow tract; septic emboli; transesophageal echocardiography; transthoracic echocardiography; vegetation; ventricular septal defect.