Methylation-regulated decommissioning of multimeric PP2A complexes

Nat Commun. 2017 Dec 22;8(1):2272. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02405-3.

Abstract

Dynamic assembly/disassembly of signaling complexes are crucial for cellular functions. Specialized latency and activation chaperones control the biogenesis of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzymes that contain a common scaffold and catalytic subunits and a variable regulatory subunit. Here we show that the butterfly-shaped TIPRL (TOR signaling pathway regulator) makes highly integrative multibranching contacts with the PP2A catalytic subunit, selective for the unmethylated tail and perturbing/inactivating the phosphatase active site. TIPRL also makes unusual wobble contacts with the scaffold subunit, allowing TIPRL, but not the overlapping regulatory subunits, to tolerate disease-associated PP2A mutations, resulting in reduced holoenzyme assembly and enhanced inactivation of mutant PP2A. Strikingly, TIPRL and the latency chaperone, α4, coordinate to disassemble active holoenzymes into latent PP2A, strictly controlled by methylation. Our study reveals a mechanism for methylation-responsive inactivation and holoenzyme disassembly, illustrating the complexity of regulation/signaling, dynamic complex disassembly, and disease mutations in cancer and intellectual disability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Crystallization
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Holoenzymes
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
  • Methylation
  • Mice
  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Protein Phosphatase 2 / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Holoenzymes
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Molecular Chaperones
  • TIPRL protein, mouse
  • PPP2CA protein, human
  • Protein Phosphatase 2