Incidence and tumour characteristics of bilateral and unilateral interval breast cancers at screening mammography

Breast. 2018 Apr:38:101-106. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.12.018. Epub 2018 Jan 4.

Abstract

Background: Detected by screening mammography, bilateral breast cancer has a different pathological profile compared to unilateral breast cancer. We investigated the incidence of bilateral interval breast cancers and compared their characteristics with those of unilateral interval breast cancers.

Methods: We included all 468,720 screening mammograms of women who underwent biennial screening mammography in the South of the Netherlands between January 2005 and January 2015. We collected breast imaging reports, biopsy results and surgical reports of all referred women and of all women who presented with interval breast cancer. The tumour with the highest tumour stage (index cancer) was used for comparison with unilateral interval cancers.

Results: A total of 753 interval cancers were detected, of which 24 (3.2%) were bilateral. Among the invasive interval cancers, bilateral cancers more frequently showed a lobular histology than unilateral cancers (37.5% (9/24) vs. 16.1% (111/691), P = .01). There is a trend towards a larger proportion of bilateral than unilateral interval cancers graded 1 (45.8% (11/24) vs. 27.8% (192/691), P = .08). There were no other statistically significant differences in tumour characteristics. Also, the proportion of interval cancers showing significant mammographic abnormalities at the latest screen was comparable for unilateral and bilateral interval cancers (23.0% vs. 25.0%, P = .9).

Discussion: Bilateral interval cancers comprise a small proportion of all interval cancers. Except of a higher proportion of invasive lobular cancers and a more favourable histological grade of invasive cancers, tumour characteristics are comparable for bilateral and unilateral interval breast cancers.

Keywords: Bilateral breast cancer; Contralateral cancer; Index cancer; Screening mammography; Synchronous breast cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Breast / pathology
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Mammography / statistics & numerical data*
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / epidemiology
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / pathology*
  • Netherlands / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors*
  • Unilateral Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Unilateral Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Unilateral Breast Neoplasms / pathology*