Routine germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing in patients with ovarian carcinoma: analysis of the Scottish real-life experience

BJOG. 2018 Oct;125(11):1451-1458. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.15171. Epub 2018 May 10.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the rates of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Scottish patients with ovarian cancer, before and after a change in testing policy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Four cancer/genetics centres in Scotland.

Population: Patients with ovarian cancer undergoing germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 (gBRCA1/2) sequencing before 2013 (under the 'old criteria', with selection based solely on family history), after 2013 (under the 'new criteria', with sequencing offered to newly presenting patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer), and in the 'prevalent population' (who presented before 2013, but were not eligible for sequencing under the old criteria but were sequenced under the new criteria).

Methods: Clinicopathological and sequence data were collected before and for 18 months after this change in selection criteria.

Main outcome measures: Frequency of germline BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, and RAD51D mutations.

Results: Of 599 patients sequenced, 205, 236, and 158 were in the 'old criteria', 'new criteria', and 'prevalent' populations, respectively. The frequency of gBRCA1/2 mutations was 30.7, 13.1, and 12.7%, respectively. The annual rate of gBRCA1/2 mutation detection was 4.2 before and 20.7 after the policy change. A total of 48% (15/31) 'new criteria' patients with gBRCA1/2 mutations had a Manchester score of <15 and would not have been offered sequencing based on family history criteria. In addition, 20 patients with gBRCA1/2 were identified in the prevalent population. The prevalence of gBRCA1/2 mutations in patients aged >70 years was 8.2%.

Conclusions: Sequencing all patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer gives a much higher annual gBRCA1/2 mutation detection rate, with the frequency of positive tests still exceeding the 10% threshold upon which many family history-based models operate.

Tweetable abstract: BRCA sequencing all non-mucinous cancer patients increases mutation detection five fold.

Keywords: BRCA1; BRCA2; RAD51C; RAD51D; ovarian cancer.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • BRCA1 Protein / genetics*
  • BRCA2 Protein / genetics*
  • Carcinoma / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma / genetics*
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / epidemiology
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics
  • Genetic Testing / standards
  • Genetic Testing / statistics & numerical data*
  • Germ-Line Mutation
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Scotland / epidemiology

Substances

  • BRCA1 Protein
  • BRCA1 protein, human
  • BRCA2 Protein
  • BRCA2 protein, human