Depth and durability of response to ibrutinib in CLL: 5-year follow-up of a phase 2 study

Blood. 2018 May 24;131(21):2357-2366. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-12-820910. Epub 2018 Feb 26.

Abstract

The safety and efficacy of ibrutinib (420 mg) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were evaluated in a phase 2 study; 51 patients had TP53 aberration (TP53 cohort) and 35 were enrolled because of age 65 years or older (elderly cohort). Both cohorts included patients with treatment-naive (TN) and relapsed/refractory (RR) CLL. With the median follow-up of 4.8 years, 49 (57.0%) of 86 patients remain on study. Treatment was discontinued for progressive disease in 20 (23.3%) patients and for adverse events in 5 (5.8%). Atrial fibrillation occurred in 18 (20.9%) patients for a rate of 6.4 per 100 patient-years. No serious bleeding occurred. The overall response rate at 6 months, the primary study endpoint, was 95.8% for the TP53 cohort (95% confidence interval, 85.7%-99.5%) and 93.9% for the elderly cohort (95% confidence interval, 79.8%-99.3%). Depth of response improved with time: at best response, 14 (29.2%) of 48 patients in the TP53 cohort and 9 (27.3%) of 33 in the elderly cohort achieved a complete response. Median minimal residual disease (MRD) in peripheral blood was 3.8 × 10-2 at 4 years, with MRD-negative (<10-4) remissions in 5 (10.2%) patients. In the TP53 cohort, the estimated 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 74.4% in TN-CLL compared with 19.4% in RR-CLL (P = .0002), and overall survival (OS) was 85.3% vs 53.7%, respectively (P = .023). In the elderly cohort, the estimated 5-year PFS and OS in RR-CLL were 64.8% and 71.6%, respectively, and no event occurred in TN-CLL. Long-term administration of ibrutinib was well tolerated and provided durable disease control for most patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01500733.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bone Marrow / metabolism
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / metabolism
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoplasm, Residual
  • Piperidines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Pyrazoles / administration & dosage
  • Pyrazoles / adverse effects
  • Pyrazoles / therapeutic use*
  • Pyrimidines / administration & dosage
  • Pyrimidines / adverse effects
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Piperidines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyrimidines
  • ibrutinib
  • Adenine

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01500733