Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of GRACE discharge score on the long-term out-of-hospital coronary thrombotic events (CTE) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents. Methods: Present study was a prospective, observational, single center study. 10 724 consecutive patients underwent PCI in Fuwai Hospital between January and December 2013 were included, stents were implanted with conventional method. After PCI, patients were prescribed aspirin 100 mg once daily indefinitely, and either clopidogrel 75 mg once daily or ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily for at least 1 year. A total of 9 782 patients were included in the final analysis after excluding patients who did not undergo successful stent implantation, who were not discharged on dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT), who only underwent bare-metal stents, who experienced in-hospital major bleeding, stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction (MI) or death,and who lost follow up. Clinical data were collected from all patients. 9 543 patients with complete baseline data were further analyzed for risk stratification and predictive value of GRACE discharge score. CTE was defined as stent thrombosis or spontaneous myocardial infarction. All patients were followed through Fuwai Hospital Follow-up Center, and evaluated either by phone, letter, or clinic visits or at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months after PCI. Risk stratification was performed according to the GRACE discharge score, and the predictive value of the GRACE discharge score was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: After 2 years follow-up, there were 95 CTE among the 9 782 patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of CTE: CTE group (95 cases) and no CTE group (9 687 cases). GRACE discharge score was significantly higher in CTE group than no CTE group (82.98±27.58 vs. 75.51±22.46, t=-2.57, P=0.012). According to risk stratification of GRACE discharge score, the patients were divided into low-risk (≤88) group (n=6 902), moderate-risk (89-118) (n=2 988) and high-risk (>118) (n=343) groups. As compared to the low-risk group, CTE risk in moderate- and high-risk groups was 1.59 times (HR 1.59, 95%CI 1.01-2.52, P=0.046) and 3.89 times higher (HR 3.89, 95%CI 1.98-7.65, P<0.001), respectively. Further analysis showed that the GRACE score had predictive value in the total cohort for CTE (area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) 0.576, 95%CI 0.512-0.640, P=0.012) and in the acute coronary syndromes(ACS) subgroup for CTE: (AUROC 0.594, 95%CI 0.509-0.680, P=0.019), but not in the non-ACS subgroup: (AUROC 0.561, 95%CI 0.466-0.657, P=0.187). Conclusion: GRACE discharge score can predict the long-term out-of-hospital CTE in patients undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents and treated with DAPT, and patients can be stratified into the low-, moderate- and high-risk groups of CTE by the GRACE discharge score.
目的： 评估GRACE出院评分对药物洗脱支架（DES）置入术后的远期院外冠状动脉血栓事件（CTE）的预测价值。 方法： 本研究为前瞻性单中心观察性研究，连续纳入2013年1月至12月于阜外医院行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的患者10 724例。常规方法置入支架。术后建议口服阿司匹林100 mg/d联合氯吡格雷75 mg/d或替格瑞洛90 mg每日2次的双联抗血小板治疗（DAPT）推荐至少1年。除外未成功置入支架的患者，出院时未按医嘱接受DAPT的患者，置入裸金属支架的患者，院内出现主要出血事件的患者，院内出现支架内血栓形成或心肌梗死的患者，院内死亡的患者，以及失访的患者。最终纳入患者9 782例进行统计分析。收集入选患者的临床资料。将CTE定义为支架内血栓形成或自发性心肌梗死。所有入选者均通过阜外医院随访中心进行随访，分别在PCI术后1、6、12和24个月时通过电话、书信或门诊进行随访。入选患者中共9 543例基线资料完整，对这部分患者进一步行GRACE出院评分危险分层。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评估GRACE出院评分的预测价值。 结果： 2年随访过程中，入选的9 782例患者中出现CTE的95例（0.97%）。根据是否出现CTE将入选患者分为2组，即CTE组（95例）和无CTE组（9 687例）。CTE组患者GRACE出院评分明显高于无CTE组[（82.98±27.58）分比（75.51±22.46）分，t=-2.57，P=0.012]。根据GRACE出院评分将入选患者分为低危（≤88分）组（6 902例）、中危（89~118分）组（2 298例）和高危（>118分）组（343例），发现中危组患者CTE风险是低危组的1.59倍（HR 1.59，95%CI 1.01~2.52，P=0.046），高危组患者CTE风险是低危组的3.89倍（HR 3.89，95%CI 1.98~7.65，P<0.001）。进一步分析发现，GRACE出院评分对于入选患者的CTE事件具有一定预测价值[ROC曲线下面积（AUROC）0.576，95%CI 0.512~0.640，P=0.012]。将研究人群进一步划分为急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者（5 867例）和非ACS患者（3 915例），发现GRACE出院评分对于ACS患者具有预测价值（AUROC 0.594，95%CI 0.509~0.680，P=0.019），但对于非ACS患者则未显示出预测价值（AUROC 0.561，95%CI 0.466~0.657，P=0.187）。 结论： GRACE出院评分对DES置入术后进行DAPT患者的远期院外CTE具有一定的预测价值，且可对其进行危险分层。.
Keywords: Coronary disease; Coronary thrombotic events; Dual-antiplatelet therapy; GRACE discharge score; Percutaneous coronary intervention.