Cardiac resynchronization therapy is associated with a reduction in ICD therapies as it improves ventricular function

Clin Cardiol. 2018 Jun;41(6):803-808. doi: 10.1002/clc.22958. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Abstract

Background: Repeated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapies cause myocardial damage and, thus, an increased risk of arrhythmias and mortality.

Hypothesis: Cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D) reduces the number of appropriate therapies in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <50%).

Methods: The retrospective study involved 175 consecutive patients (mean age, 64.6 ±10.4 years; 86.9% males) with reduced LVEF of 27.9% ±7.6% treated with an ICD (56.6%) or CRT-D (43.4%), according to standard indications, between January 2009 and July 2014. Devices were placed for either primary (54.3%) or secondary prevention (45.7%). Mean follow-up was 2.5 ±1.5 years. Predictors of first appropriate therapy were assessed using Cox regression analysis.

Results: Forty-four (25.1%) patients received ≥1 appropriate therapy. Although patients treated with CRT-D had lower LVEF and poorer New York Heart Association class, CRT-D patients with LVEF improvement >35% at the end of follow-up had a significantly lower risk of receiving a first appropriate therapy relative to those with an ICD (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.24, 95% confidence interval: 0.07-0.83, P = 0.025), independently of ischemic cardiomyopathy, baseline LVEF, and secondary prevention. There were no differences in mortality between the ICD and the CRT-D groups.

Conclusions: Although patients receiving CRT-D had a worse clinical profile, they received fewer device therapies in comparison with those receiving an ICD. This reduction is associated with a significant improvement in LVEF.

Keywords: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; Heart Failure; ICD Therapy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices*
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Defibrillators, Implantable*
  • Electric Countershock / adverse effects
  • Electric Countershock / instrumentation*
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Primary Prevention
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Recovery of Function
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Secondary Prevention
  • Stroke Volume*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnosis
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / therapy*
  • Ventricular Function, Left*