Simultaneous Treatment of Epilepsy and Secondary Dystonia After Anterior Temporal Lobectomy and Amygdalohippocampectomy

World Neurosurg. 2018 Sep:117:439-442. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.04.003. Epub 2018 Apr 9.

Abstract

Background: The relationship between temporal lobe epilepsy and focal limb dystonia is a well-recognized phenomenon, yet its pathogenesis and anatomic foundation are not well understood. Here, we describe 2 patients with refractory focal epilepsy and contralateral focal limb dystonia whose seizures and dystonic symptoms simultaneously resolved after anterior temporal lobectomy and amygdalohippocampectomy.

Case description: We identified 2 patients within the Mount Sinai Health system with improvement in dystonia after medial temporal lobectomy. Retrospective chart reviews for the clinical history were performed. Patient 1 suffered a traumatic injury of the right temporal lobe, developing left hemidystonia and epilepsy. He received a right amygdala-hippocampectomy, which resolved both. Patient 2 has a history of right temporal glioma resection complicated by an infarct, resulting in left hemidystonia and epilepsy. He received a right medial temporal resection, which nearly resolved both.

Conclusion: Our cases demonstrate a medial temporal-basal ganglia network dysfunction in dystonia-epilepsy that was modulated and cured by resective surgery. We hypothesize that the mechanisms behind these observed phenomena were due to a pathologic connectivity of the basal ganglia and amygdala-hippocampus. To our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of dystonia and concomitant epilepsy resolving with temporal lobectomy and provide valuable prognostic information for similarly affected patients.

Keywords: ATLAH; Amygdalohippocampectomy; Anterior temporal lobectomy; Drug-resistant epilepsy; Dystonia; Epilepsy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amygdala / diagnostic imaging
  • Amygdala / surgery*
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy / diagnostic imaging
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy / physiopathology
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy / surgery*
  • Dystonic Disorders / diagnostic imaging
  • Dystonic Disorders / physiopathology
  • Dystonic Disorders / surgery*
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / diagnostic imaging
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / physiopathology
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / surgery*
  • Hippocampus / diagnostic imaging
  • Hippocampus / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neurosurgical Procedures / methods
  • Temporal Lobe / diagnostic imaging
  • Temporal Lobe / injuries
  • Temporal Lobe / surgery*