T1 mapping on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging predicts recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy

Eur J Radiol. 2018 Jun:103:25-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.03.027. Epub 2018 Mar 28.

Abstract

Purpose: Our purpose was to demonstrate the prognostic significance of T1 mapping on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging in prediction of recurrence of single HCC after hepatectomy.

Materials and methods: One hundred and seven patients with single nodular HCC (≤3 cm) who underwent preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI were included in the study. T1 mapping with syngo MapIt was obtained on a 1.5 T scanner. Radiological features and reduction rate of T1 relaxation time (Δ%) of tumors were assessed by two radiologists. Cumulative recurrence rates were compared between groups of low and high reduction rate of T1 relaxation time. A further classified cumulative recurrence rate of the overall cohort was based on the numbers of independent predictive factors.

Results: Reduction rate of T1 relaxation time (P = 0.001) and non-hypervascular hypointense nodules (P = 0.042) in preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI were independently related to recurrence of HCC after hepatectomy. Patients of lower reduction rates group had higher cumulative recurrence rates (P < 0.0001) than patients of higher reduction rates group. A combination of the two risk factors in patients with single HCC had significantly higher recurrence rates compared to those with either or none of the two risk factors.

Conclusions: Reduction rate of T1 relaxation time combined with non-hypervascular hypointense nodules can be reliable biomarkers in the preoperative prediction of recurrence of HCC after hepatectomy.

Keywords: Hepatectomy; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Magnetic resonance imaging; Recurrence; T(1) mapping.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / diagnostic imaging*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / surgery
  • Contrast Media
  • Female
  • Gadolinium DTPA*
  • Hepatectomy
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms / surgery
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnostic imaging*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA
  • Gadolinium DTPA