Procedural, Functional and Prognostic Outcomes Following Recanalization of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions. Results of the Iberian Registry

Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2019 May;72(5):373-382. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2018.05.020. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: There is current controversy regarding the benefits of percutaneous recanalization (PCI) of chronic total coronary occlusions (CTO). Our aim was to determine acute and follow-up outcomes in our setting.

Methods: Two-year prospective registry of consecutive patients undergoing PCI of CTO in 24 centers.

Results: A total of 1000 PCIs of CTO were performed in 952 patients. Most were symptomatic (81.5%), with chronic ischemic heart disease (59.2%). Previous recanalization attempts had been made in 15%. The mean SYNTAX score was 19.5 ± 10.6 and J-score was > 2 in 17.3%. A retrograde procedure was performed in 92 patients (9.2%). The success rate was 74.9% and was higher in patients without previous attempts (82.2% vs 75.2%; P = .001), those with a J-score ≤ 2 (80.5% vs 69.5%; P = .002), and in intravascular ultrasound-guided PCI (89.9% vs 76.2%, P = .001), which was an independent predictor of success. In contrast, severe calcification, length > 20mm, and blunt proximal cap were independent predictors of failed recanalization. The rate of procedural complications was 7.1%, including perforation (3%), myocardial infarction (1.3%), and death (0.5%). At 1-year of follow-up, 88.2% of successfully revascularized patients showed clinical improvement (vs 34.8%, P < .001), which was associated with lower mortality. At 1-year of follow-up, the mortality rate was 1.5%.

Conclusions: Compared with other national registries, patients in the Iberian registry undergoing PCI of a CTO showed similar complexity, success rate, and complications. Successful recanalization was strongly associated with functional improvement, which was related to lower mortality.

Keywords: CTO; Cardiopatía isquémica crónica; Chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy; Chronic total occlusions; IVUS; OCT; Oclusiones crónicas.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Chronic Disease
  • Coronary Occlusion / mortality
  • Coronary Occlusion / surgery*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Myocardial Ischemia / etiology
  • Myocardial Ischemia / mortality
  • Myocardial Ischemia / surgery
  • Myocardial Revascularization / methods*
  • Myocardial Revascularization / statistics & numerical data
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / methods
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / statistics & numerical data
  • Portugal / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Prospective Studies
  • Registries
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Surgery, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional / methods