Lapatinib with ECF/X in the first-line treatment of metastatic gastric cancer according to HER2neu and EGFR status: a randomized placebo-controlled phase II study (EORTC 40071)

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2018 Oct;82(4):733-739. doi: 10.1007/s00280-018-3667-8. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Abstract

Purpose: HER2-targeted therapy with trastuzumab and (CF/X) prolonged overall survival (OS) in metastatic HER2neu+ gastric carcinoma (GC). Lapatinib inhibits both EGFR and HER2neu. We investigated the efficacy and safety of lapatinib with epirubicin (E) + CF/X in GC according to HER2neu and EGFR status.

Methods: Tumors from chemotherapy-naïve patients were screened centrally by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Patients with EGFR and/or HER2neu expression or amplification were allocated to three strata based on EGFR/HER2neu status and were randomized to lapatinib (arm A) or placebo (arm B), with 6 cycles of ECF or ECX (investigator-selected). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) in stratum 3.

Results: 29 of 72 screened patients were randomized to strata 1 (HER2neu+: by FISH and IHC, n = 6), 2 (HER2neu-: by FISH/+ by IHC, n = 5) and 3 (HER2neu-/EGFR+, n = 18), of which 28 patients were eligible (14 per arm). Enrollment was curtailed after announcement of the negative LOGiC trial results. Median PFS was 8.0 versus 5.9 months (HR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.37-1.99) in the per protocol population, and 8.0 versus 6.3 months (HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.30-2.46) for stratum 3, in the lapatinib versus placebo arm respectively. Median OS was 13.8 versus 10.1 months, respectively (HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.35-2.27). There were no safety concerns.

Conclusions: Central EGFR and HER2neu stratification by IHC and FISH can be used for further pan-HER strategies. Lapatinib with ECF/X was well tolerated, but did not show clear activity in patients with metastatic GC.

Keywords: Advanced gastric cancer; EGFR; First-line; HER2neu; Lapatinib; Placebo-controlled.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Cisplatin / adverse effects
  • Epirubicin / administration & dosage
  • Epirubicin / adverse effects
  • ErbB Receptors / antagonists & inhibitors
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Fluorouracil / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
  • Lapatinib* / administration & dosage
  • Lapatinib* / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Receptor, ErbB-2* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptor, ErbB-2* / metabolism
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Lapatinib
  • Epirubicin
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • Receptor, ErbB-2
  • Cisplatin
  • Fluorouracil

Supplementary concepts

  • FPEPIR regimen