Fungal enzyme-mediated synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles and its biocompatibility, antioxidant and bactericidal properties

Int J Biol Macromol. 2018 Oct 15;118(Pt B):1542-1549. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.198. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Abstract

This paper reports the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (T-CSNPs) using the fungal enzyme of Trichoderma harzianum and its biocompatibility, antioxidant and bactericidal properties. The T-CSNPs synthesis was confirmed by absorbance at 280 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. T-CSNPs were of spherical shape, as evident by field emission transmission electron microscopic (FETEM) analysis, and the average size of T-CSNPs was 90.8 nm, as calculated using particle size analyzer (PSA). The functional groups showed modifications of chitosan in T-CSNPs as evident by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. T-CSNPs were found soluble at the wide range of pH, showing 100% solubility at pH 1-3 and 72% at pH 10. The T-CSNPs exhibited antioxidant property in a dose-dependent manner with pronounced activity at 100 mg·mL-1. The T-CSNPs also showed bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium by causing detrimental effects on bacterial cells. The T-CSNPs (50 μg·mL-1) did not display any cytotoxic effect on murine fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells, as evident by cell viability and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining assays, which confirmed biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. This work suggested further investigations on the utilization of the mycosynthesized nanochitosan in biomedical applications.

Keywords: Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Chitosan nanoparticles; Cytotoxicity; Trichoderma.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / chemical synthesis
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic
  • Chitosan / chemical synthesis
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Chitosan / pharmacology*
  • Materials Testing*
  • Mice
  • NIH 3T3 Cells
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Salmonella enterica / drug effects
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Trichoderma / enzymology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Chitosan