Detection of potential look-alike/sound-alike medication errors using Veterans Affairs administrative databases

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2018 Oct 1;75(19):1460-1466. doi: 10.2146/ajhp170703.

Abstract

Purpose: Results of a study to estimate the prevalence of look-alike/sound-alike (LASA) medication errors through analysis of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data are reported.

Methods: Veterans with at least 2 filled prescriptions for 1 medication in 20 LASA drug pairs during the period April 2014-March 2015 and no history of use of both medications in the preceding 6 months were identified. First occurrences of potential LASA errors were identified by analyzing dispensing patterns and documented diagnoses. For 7 LASA drug pairs, potential errors were evaluated via chart review to determine if an actual error occurred.

Results: Among LASA drug pairs with overlapping indications, the pairs associated with the highest potential-error rates, by percentage of treated patients, were tamsulosin and terazosin (3.05%), glipizide and glyburide (2.91%), extended- and sustained-release formulations of bupropion (1.53%), and metoprolol tartrate and metoprolol succinate (1.48%). Among pairs with distinct indications, the pairs associated with the highest potential-error rates were tramadol and trazodone (2.20%) and bupropion and buspirone (1.31%). For LASA drug pairs found to be associated with actual errors, the estimated error rates were as follows: lamivudine and lamotrigine, 0.003% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0-0.01%); carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine, 0.03% (95% CI, 0-0.09%); and morphine and hydromorphone, 0.02% (95% CI, 0-0.05%).

Conclusion: Through the use of administrative databases, potential LASA errors that could be reviewed for an actual error via chart review were identified. While a high rate of potential LASA errors was detected, the number of actual errors identified was low.

Keywords: Veterans Administration; database management systems; medical order-entry systems; medication errors.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Databases, Factual*
  • Drug Labeling
  • Drug Prescriptions / standards
  • Female
  • Hospitals, Veterans
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medication Errors / prevention & control*
  • Medication Systems, Hospital / organization & administration
  • Middle Aged
  • Outpatients
  • United States
  • United States Department of Veterans Affairs*
  • Young Adult