Epinephrine (adrenaline) preventing recovery from intraoperative anaphylactic shock complicated by systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction on transoesophageal echocardiography

Anaesth Intensive Care. 2018 Nov;46(6):566-571. doi: 10.1177/0310057X1804600605.

Abstract

We describe a case of severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) with severe mitral incompetence due to systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral leaflet (SAM) that was recognised thanks to the immediate availability of transoesophageal echocardiography during the resuscitation of anaphylactic shock. The patient rapidly responded to cessation of the epinephrine (adrenaline) infusion and intravascular volume expansion with intravenous crystalloid. The absence of risk factors for developing SAM/LVOTO serve as a warning to clinicians to consider this diagnosis in all cases of epinephrine non-responsive anaphylactic shock.

Keywords: anaphylaxis, left ventricular outflow obstruction, echocardiography, critical care, epinephrine (adrenaline), echocardiography: transoesophageal.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / administration & dosage
  • Anaphylaxis / complications*
  • Anaphylaxis / drug therapy
  • Crystalloid Solutions / therapeutic use
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal / methods*
  • Epinephrine / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Intraoperative Complications / diagnostic imaging*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / complications
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnostic imaging*
  • Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / complications
  • Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / diagnostic imaging*

Substances

  • Adrenergic alpha-Agonists
  • Crystalloid Solutions
  • Epinephrine