Tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment practices in private sector: Implementation study in an Indian city

Indian J Tuberc. 2018 Oct;65(4):315-321. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2018.06.010. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Abstract

Setting: Implementation study in private health facilities in an Indian metropolis.

Objectives: Improve Tuberculosis (TB) care by private practitioners (PPs).

Methods: PPs from a defined city area were imparted short training in TB care and linkages made with public facilities; subsequent practices were recorded.

Results: Of 364 presumptive TB patient records, 70 (19.3%) did not conform to its definition. Of the conforming, 174 (59.2%) had presumptive pulmonary TB (PTB), 53 (18%) presumptive extra-pulmonary (EPTB) and 67 (24%) had both. Of conforming presumptive PTB, most underwent Chest X-ray and sputum examination in private laboratories. Tissue based diagnostics were not advised for most presumptive EPTB patients. Of 101 cases diagnosed with TB, 82% were new, 23% known diabetic and 4.7% human immune deficiency virus (HIV) reactive out of 64 tested. Most were notified and initiated treatment within 15 days of diagnosis. One-fourth was prescribed standard treatment regimen and treatment was not directly observed for most. One third was initial defaulters or lost during treatment; 62% of PTB and 46% EPTB cases initiated on treatment in private were successfully treated. Of successfully treated PTB cases, 61% had undergone follow-up sputum examination.

Conclusion: Much intensified support mechanisms are needed to improve TB care in private sector.

Keywords: Notification; Private practitioners; Private-public mix; TB care.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cities
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care*
  • Preventive Health Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Private Sector / statistics & numerical data*
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / diagnosis*
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / drug therapy
  • Young Adult