Immunotherapy in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

Abstract

Immunotherapy is emerging as a new and promising treatment for a great variety of tumors, including nonmelanoma skin cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors -antibodies that block proteins that regulate the immune system- mainly target the surface protein CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) and the PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1/PD-ligand 1) axis. We review the CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways and current evidence supporting checkpoint inhibitor therapy in the main types of nonmelanoma skin cancer.

Keywords: Antígeno citotóxico de los linfocitos T (CTLA-4); Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4); Cáncer cutáneo no melanoma; Immunotherapy; Inmunoterapia; Ligando; Molécula; Nonmelanoma skin cancer; Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1); Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1); de la molécula de muerte programada 1 (PD-L1); de muerte programada 1 (PD-1).